💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>The March 1940 Superstorm - Geoelectromagnetic Hazards And Impacts On American Communication And Power Systems<br>--<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003379" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003379</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spaceweather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>spaceweather</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geomagnetic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geomagnetic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/historic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>historic</span></a> #1940 <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/USA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>USA</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/measurement" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>measurement</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatialanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>spatialanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geomagnetism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geomagnetism</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/hazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>hazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/effects" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>effects</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/ICME" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ICME</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/CME" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CME</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/coronalmassejection" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>coronalmassejection</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/interference" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>interference</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/electricity" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>electricity</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/electrical" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>electrical</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/utilities" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>utilities</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/infrastructure" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>infrastructure</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/impacts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>impacts</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/communications" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>communications</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/telecommunications" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>telecommunications</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geoelectromagnetic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geoelectromagnetic</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/solarwind" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solarwind</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/magneticstorm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>magneticstorm</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/humanimpacts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>humanimpacts</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geoelectric" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geoelectric</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geology</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/soil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>soil</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/operations" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>operations</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/transmission" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>transmission</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/power" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>power</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/energy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>energy</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/energysupply" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>energysupply</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/naturalhazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>naturalhazard</span></a>@USGS | @CIRES</p>
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#coronalmassejection
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks<p>On The Uncertain Intensity Estimate Of The 1859 Carrington Storm<br>--<br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2024015" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2024015</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <-- shared paper<br>--<br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrington_Event" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carringt</span><span class="invisible">on_Event</span></a> <-- background on the Carrington Event<br>--<br>["The big one", if it happened today we would be right royally %^#$& (excuse my pretend language 😉 ), we are nowhere close to being hardened, etc; my other ½ is a space weather scientist, until I knew her I was not fully aware of all the risks and hazards associated with space weather]<br><a href="https://techhub.social/tags/GIS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>GIS</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>spatial</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/mapping" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>mapping</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/Magneticstorm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Magneticstorm</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spaceweather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>spaceweather</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/historicalevent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>historicalevent</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/statisticalanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>statisticalanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/spatialanalysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>spatialanalysis</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geostatistics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geostatistics</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/model" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>model</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/modeling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>modeling</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geomagneticstorm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geomagneticstorm</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geomagnetism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geomagnetism</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/solar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solar</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/sun" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>sun</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/hazard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>hazard</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/infrastructure" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>infrastructure</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/CME" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CME</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/coronalmassejection" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>coronalmassejection</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/solarflare" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solarflare</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/blackouts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackouts</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/humanimpacts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>humanimpacts</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/electricpowergrid" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>electricpowergrid</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/CarringtonEvent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CarringtonEvent</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/numericmodel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>numericmodel</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/aurora" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>aurora</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/usgs" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>usgs</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/geophysics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geophysics</span></a> <a href="https://techhub.social/tags/naturalhazards" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>naturalhazards</span></a>#extremeevents</p>
Santiago<p>Para aquellos interesados en la actividad solar y la tormenta solar que ocurrió la semana pasada, acá hay una comparación de su magnitud, con el evento de Carrington. Una medida que se suele utilizar para indicar la intensidad de estas tormentas geomagnéticas, es el Dst o Disturbance Storm Time, que es una medida de la intensidad de las corrientes de partículas cargadas que se generan entorno a la Tierra durante estas tormentas. Para que tengan una idea, este índice es 0 si no hay alteraciones, y se vuelve negativo ante la actividad solar. Suele tomar valores entre 0nT y -100nT y son contadas con los dedos de la mano, las veces que supuestamente ha superado los -150nT o -200nT. La tormenta que acaba de ocurrir superó los -400nT y el evento de Carrington de 1859 se piensa que rondó los valores de entre -1600 y -850 nT. Adjunto una breve referencia del libro Space Weather and Coronal Mass Ejections (2014) de Tim Howard y las capturas de los registros del mes de abril, donde se muestran los valores normales y lo que va del mes de mayo, donde se muestra el evento de la semana pasada. Ahora, tengo entendido que el daño en instalaciones eléctricas y lineas de alta tensión puede ser diferente, porque eso depende de la alineación del H con respecto al de la Tierra, en el sentido que dos tormentas similares pueden causar daños bien diferentes debido a este factor, en fin, guardo la guitarra. <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/sol" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>sol</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/sun" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>sun</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/solarstorm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solarstorm</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/geomagnetic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geomagnetic</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/solarflare" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solarflare</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/solarcme" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solarcme</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/cme" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>cme</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/coronalmassejection" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>coronalmassejection</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/eyecciondemasacoronal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>eyecciondemasacoronal</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/climaespacial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>climaespacial</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/spaceweather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>spaceweather</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/radio" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>radio</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/hamradio" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>hamradio</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.uy/tags/dst" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>dst</span></a></p>
Lazarou Monkey Terror 🚀💙🌈<p>I wonder how the Humans at the time handled all the Aurora this event kicked off. <br>When you know what they are, they're beautiful but if you've never seen nor heard of such things there must haven been some terror mixed in with wonder. </p><p><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/largest-ever-solar-storm-identified-in-ancient-tree-rings-could-devastate-modern-technology-and-cost-billions/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">scitechdaily.com/largest-ever-</span><span class="invisible">solar-storm-identified-in-ancient-tree-rings-could-devastate-modern-technology-and-cost-billions/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/CoronalMassEjection" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CoronalMassEjection</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/MiyakeEvent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>MiyakeEvent</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Space</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Prehistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Prehistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Aurora" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Aurora</span></a></p>
Spaceflight 🚀<p><a href="https://spacey.space/tags/ESA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ESA</span></a> : The active region of <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/sunspots" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>sunspots</span></a> responsible for these flares is now approaching the centre of the <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/solar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>solar</span></a> ☀️ disk and will soon point 🎯 directly towards <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/Earth" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Earth</span></a> 🌍 .<br>We expect further <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/flares" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>flares</span></a> from this region in the coming days. A <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/CME" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CME</span></a> associated with any future flare 🔥 is very likely to cause <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/geomagnetic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>geomagnetic</span></a> disturbances when it reaches our <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/planet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>planet</span></a>. <a href="https://www.esa.int/Space_Safety/Space_weather/Sun_fires_off_largest_flare_of_current_solar_cycle" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">esa.int/Space_Safety/Space_wea</span><span class="invisible">ther/Sun_fires_off_largest_flare_of_current_solar_cycle</span></a></p><p><a href="https://spacey.space/tags/SpaceWeather" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>SpaceWeather</span></a> <a href="https://spacey.space/tags/CoronalMassEjection" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CoronalMassEjection</span></a></p>
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